However, due to practicality reasons typically it is expressed in terms of centistokes (cS or cSt) 1 stokes = 100 centistokes = 1 cm2 s−1 = 0.0001 m2 s−1. The physical unit for kinematic viscosity is the stokes (St), named after George Stokes. Kinematic viscosity: Kinematic viscosity is the ratio of dynamic viscosity and the density, so. It is more commonly expressed, particularly in ASTM standards, as centipoise (cP).Ģ. The physical unit for dynamic viscosity in the centimetre gram second system of units (cgs) is the poise (P). Dynamic viscosity: Dynamic viscosity is also known as absolute viscosity. The SI physical unit of dynamic viscosity ( μ) is the Pascal-second (Pa s), identical to 1 kg m−1 s−1. ĭynamic vs Kinematic Viscosity: What is the difference?ġ. In lubrication practice, the earlier mentioned cP unit is widely used. The unit of viscosity is newton-second per square meter ( ), which is usually expressed as pascal-second ( ) in SI units. Viscosity can also help you determine the structure of molecules such as proteins in a solution or the force required to inject a new drug formulation into a patient. Viscosity will also determine how much energy is required to pump out process fluid. It will determine, for example – How long a reservoir will take to fill. The Roman numerals indicate various ice phases.Viscosity is key for any process involving fluid flow. ‡ Ice XI triple point is theoretical and has never been obtained Phase diagram Log-lin pressure–temperature phase diagram of water. Table of various forms of ice Properties of various forms of ice Melting point of ice at various pressures ĭata obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed., p. 2390 The sixth column is the density of the vapor. The fifth column is the work PΔ V done by each gram of liquid that changes to vapor. The fourth column is the heat of vaporization of each gram of liquid that changes to vapor. The third column is the heat content of each gram of the liquid phase relative to water at 0 ☌. Pressure of the equilibrium is given in the second column in k Pa. Where P is equilibrium vapor pressure in k Pa, and T is temperature in kelvins.įor T = 273 K to 333 K: A = 7.2326 B = 1750.286 C = 38.1.įor T = 333 K to 423 K: A = 7.0917 B = 1668.21 C = 45.1.ĭata in the table above is given for water–steam equilibria at various temperatures over the entire temperature range at which liquid water can exist. Vapor pressure formula for steam in equilibrium with liquid water: log 10 P = A − B T − C, The values below 0 ☌ refer to supercooled water.Įlectrical conductivity of highly purified water at saturation pressure Temperature, ☌ Liquid physical properties Temperature dependence of the surface tension of pure water Temperature dependence of the density of ice and water Velocity of sound in water Thermodynamic properties Phase behaviorħ5.97 J/(mol K) and 4.2176 J/(g Structure and properties Structure and propertiesĤ92.215 kJ/mol O–H bond dissociation energy This page provides supplementary data to the article properties of water.įurther comprehensive authoritative data can be found at the NIST Webbook page on thermophysical properties of fluids.
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